20 نمونه سوال رایتینگ آیلتس bar chart Model answer sample

The charts below show the performance of a bus company in terms of punctuality, both actual and target (what actually happened compared to what the company was trying to achieve), and the number of complaints and passengers.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The first chart shows the actual and target percentage of buses, from a particular bus company, that arrived at the destination on time, between 1999 and 2003. Meanwhile, the second chart shows how many complaints were made during the same period.

It is clear that while the expected target of buses arriving on time decreased over the years, there was no clear pattern in the percentage of buses that actually arrived on time. Additionally, the number of complaints from their passengers increased throughout the period.

In 1999, the company’s target of buses arriving on time stood at 86%, which was 1% higher than what was actually achieved. Although the target remained unchanged one year later, the percentage of on-time arrivals dropped by nearly 3%. By 2003, this company had reduced its target of on-time arrivals to just over 84%, while the actual figure had witnessed considerable growth to about 85%.

Starting at approximately 7% of total passengers in 1999, the number of complaints made by passengers rose significantly before experiencing a slight decline to just over 8% in 2001. This figure then grew considerably two years later, with about 12% of passengers complaining in the last year.

(198 words)

The chart below shows the number of magazines sold per person in five countries in 2000 and 2010, with projected sales for 2020.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The bar chart compares five different countries in terms of the number of magazines sold per individual in two years 2000 and 2010, with projections for 2020.

It is clear that while the number of magazines sold in country D increases, the opposite is true for the other countries. Additionally, the figure for country B is the largest, as opposed to the lowest figure which can be seen in country E.

In 2000, a resident in country B sold nearly 50 magazines, while just under 50 units and 40 units were sold by an individual in country A and C respectively. In contrast, there were nearly 20 magazines sold by country D, compared to only approximately 6 by country E. In 2010, the quantities of magazines sold in country A, B and C fell slightly, whereas the other countries saw the opposite trends in their figures.

In 2020, it is predicted that the number of magazines sold in country B, country C and country E decrease minimally by around 1 each, while that of country D rises by a similar number. Meanwhile, there was a considerable fall to under 40 in the figure for country A.

(193 words)

Vocabulary

• Per person = per individual (n)
• A resident (n)
• As opposed to (n)

The bar chart below shows the number of houses built per year in two cities, Derby and Nottingham, between 2000 and 2009.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The graph compares two cities in England namely Derby and Nottingham in terms of the number of houses built each year, from 2000 to 2009.

Overall, both sets of figures for Derby and Nottingham witnessed an upward trend over the ten-year period. However, while the number of houses built each year in Derby either increased or stayed the same, the figures for Nottingham saw greater fluctuations.

In 2000, the number of newly built homes in Derby was just under 50 and steadily increased over the next three years to reach around 125 houses in 2003. The figures then remained the same for the next four years before dramatically increasing in 2008 and 2009, to reach a figure of approximately 350 homes by the end of the period.

However, the figures for Nottingham followed a rather different pattern. Between 2000 and 2005 the figures for newly built homes fluctuated around 50, before dropping to almost 0 in 2006. A large increase of almost 200 newly built houses was seen in 2007, but the figure then once again dropped to around 10 houses in 2008. 2009 witnessed another surge in the number of new houses, with the figure peaking at 250.

(199 words)

Vocabulary

• Sets of figures (n)
• Great fluctuations (n)
• Newly built homes (n)
• Follow a rather different pattern
• Surge (n)

The chart below shows the number of passengers who used public transport in Somewhere town from 2012 to 2015.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The chart illustrates how many passengers used three different means of public transport in Somewhere town, between 2012 and 2015.

Overall, the number of passengers using Tram saw the biggest growth. Additionally, the figures for train passengers decreased over the period, while the number of bus passengers fluctuated slightly.

In 2012, the number of commuters using trains was the highest, at over 75,000 passengers, compared to around 55,000 bus passengers, and approximately 15,000 passengers using trams. However, in 2015, while the number of passengers on buses remained the same, trams had become the most used form of transport, at around 95,000 passengers, with figures for train passengers dropping to around 60,000 people.

Additionally, the trends of passengers in 2013 and 2014 were similar, although there was an increase in the total numbers of passengers for each form of transport over the two years. Buses were the most popular form of public transport during these years, followed by trains, and finally trams.

(161 words)

Vocabulary

• means of transport = form of transport
• Commuters (n)

The graph below shows changes in the percentage of households with cars in one European country between 1971 and 2001

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The bar chart illustrates changes in the number of cars per household in a particular European nation from 1971 to 2001.

It is clear that car ownership in this country rose over the period shown. While the percentage of families with one, and two or more cars increased, the figure for households without a car decreased.

In 1971, nearly half of the residents in this country did not possess a car, while about 30% of families owned 1 car, and around 18% of families owned 2 or more cars. Ten years later, the figures for those with no car or 1 car dropped to just over 40% and 30% respectively. Meanwhile, families with 2 or more cars increased to just under 30%.

1991 saw a dramatic rise in 1 car ownership, peaking at almost 50%, while the percentage of families with no car, or 2 or more cars, both decreased. In 2001, the percentage of families with no car, or 2 or more cars, was about equal, at just under 30%, while about 44% of households owned 1 car.

(179 words)

vocabulary

• Car ownership
• To possess = to own (v)

The bar chart shows the percentage of different type of waste recycled in a city, between 1992 and 2002.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The bar chart compares the recycling rates of four different kinds of waste material (plastic, cans, paper, and glass) in a city, from 1992 to 2002.

It is clear that the percentage of all types of recycled waste generally increased over the period. While the glass was the most recycled waste material, the opposite was true for plastic during the majority of the period.

Paper and glass were the two most recycled types of waste material during most of the period. Beginning at approximately 14% and 15% respectively, both figures rose considerably to 21% and 29% five years later. By the end of the period, the recycling rates of paper and glass were almost double that of plastic and cans, at approximately 40% and 50%.

Plastic and cans were recycled far less, with the figures beginning at around 10% and 18% respectively, in 1992. While the figure for plastic slightly increased by about 2% in 1997, the figure for cans dropped by about half. In 2002, the figure for recycled plastic remained the same, however, the number of cans recycled jumped back up to around 20%.

(185 words)

The chart shows fresh fruit exports in different nations in 2010.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The charts compare different types of citrus fruit exports from a number of different countries in 2010.

Overall, oranges were by far the fruit that was exported the most, in terms of weight, followed by lemons and then grapefruits.

Orange exports were the highest, with South Africa exporting just over 1 million metric tons. Egypt and the US also exported a large amount of oranges, at 900,000 and 700,000 metric tons respectively. With regards to lemon exports, Turkey was the main exporter, with 500,000 metric tons, followed by Mexico and Argentina, at approximately 440,000 and 260,000 metric tons.

Grapefruits were the third most commonly exported fruit, with the US and South Africa both exporting around 230,000 tons, while Turkey managed to export around 50,000 tons less than those countries. In terms of other types of citrus fruits, Mexico was responsible for 450,000 metric tons of exports. The US and Israel made minimal contributions in comparison.

(155 words)

Vocabulary

• Citrus fruit (n)
• Exporter (n)
• Make a minimal contribution(v)

The bar charts show how often people change their car and also what type of car they buy, in a European country.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

Write at least 150 words.

The bar chart shows the estimated percentage of car trips by purpose and gender of drivers in 2005.

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The bar chart compares the percentage of car trips made by male and female drivers for eight different purposes in 2005.

It can be seen that commuting to work was the most common reason for car travel for both males and females. Meanwhile, visiting the town, recreation, going to the bank, running errands, and visiting friends were the reasons for car travel that saw the biggest difference between the percentages of men and women doing these activities.

In 2005, 52% of men travelled to work by car, which was about 13% higher than that of women for the same purpose. By contrast, slightly more women than men went on car trips for shopping, with 16% and 10%, respectively. Similarly, the percentages of men and women driving to courses were fairly similar, at 8% and 12% respectively.

The percentage of each gender was considerably different with regards to other purposes. The percentage of men who made car trips to visit the town, at 9%, and for recreation, at 11%, were nearly three times more than that of women for each purpose. While cars were used by around 8% to 10% of women for going to the bank, running errands, and visiting friends, approximately 4% of men used a car for the same purpose.

(210 words)

Vocabulary

• commuting to work (v)
• running errands (v)
• to be nearly three times more than

The bar chart shows the percentage of the total world population in 4 countries in 1950 and 2003, and projections for 2050.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The bar chart illustrates the proportion of the global population in four nations in two years 1950 and 2002, and also predictions for 2050.

It is clear that while the percentages of the population in India increases, the reverse is true for the other countries over the period shown. Additionally, China and India have the highest proportions of the population, whereas the figure for Japan is by far the lowest during the research period.

In 1950, China was the most populous nation with the figure registering around 23%, while the Indian population accounted for 15% of the world population. In contrast, about 7% of people in the world were from the USA, compared to only less than 5% from Japan. In 2002, the rate of the Indian population rose slowly, while China, the US and Japan all saw declines in their figures.

In 2050, India is predicted to have the largest population as illustrated by an increase to nearly 20%. By contrast, the proportions of the population in China and Japan are projected to decrease to 15% and about 2% respectively. Meanwhile, the figure for the USA is likely to remain the same, at 5%.

(188 words)

Vocabulary

• World/ global population (n)
• the most populous nation (n)
• the rate of the Indian population
• to be projected to V

The graph shows the estimated oil production capacity for several Gulf countries between 1990 and 2010.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The bar chart illustrates the oil generation in six different nations between 1990 and 2010.

It is clear that the amount of oil produced in all countries increased except for Qatar, and that Saudi Arabia saw the biggest change in its capacity. Additionally, while Saudi Arabia was the largest oil manufacturing country over the period shown.

In 1990, Saudi Arabia was a leading oil producer as the amount registered over 8 million barrels, while Iran produced about 3 million barrels. In contrast, there were just under 2 million barrels generated in Kuwait, compared to only nearly 1 million barrels in Qatar. Meanwhile, the figures for Iraq and UAE were relatively similar, at around 2 million barrels each. In 2000, the quantity of oil created in the UAE remained unchanged, but the other countries experienced slight increases in their figures.

In 2010, marginally more oil was produced in Iran, Iraq, and UAE as illustrated by rises to around 4 million barrels each, whereas the figure for Kuwait reached well under that amount. In contrast, there was a dramatical growth in the figure for Saudi Arabia to over 14 million barrels, while Qatar’s figure still stayed extremely low at under 1 million barrels.

(199 words)

Vocabulary

• Oil production capacity (n)
• Oil manufacturing country (n)
• A leading oil producer (n)
• Remain unchanged
• Reach well under

The bar chart below shows the percentage of people living alone in five different age groups in the USA between 1850 and 2000.

Write at least 150 words.

Model Essay

The bar chart illustrates the proportion of people who lived by themselves in the USA, in five different age groups (17-26, 27-36, 37-46, 47-54, and 55-64), in 1850, 1900, 1950 and 2000.

Overall, the percentage of Americans aged 55-64 who lived alone were highest in all measured years. In addition, figures for all age groups increased over the period.

The percentages of those living alone aged 37-46, 47-54, and 55-64 all followed similar trends over the measured period. There were significant increases in these figures beginning at around 2%, 2% and approximately 3% in 1850, and ending at around 7%, 13% and 17% respectively, in 2000.

Additionally, Americans aged 27-36 did not start living alone until 1900, beginning at just over 2%, and rising to around 8% in 2000. Furthermore, Americans aged 17-26 also did not start to live by themselves until around 1950, beginning at around 2% and increasing to approximately 5% in 2000.

(155 words)

Vocabulary

• People who lived by themselves / who lived alone
• Follow similar trends
• Americans aged 17-26
• Measured years / measured period

The chart below shows the total number of minutes (in billions) of telephone calls in the UK, divided into three categories, from 1995-2002.

The bar chart compares the amount of time spent by people in the UK on three different types of phone calls between 1995 and 2002.

It is clear that calls made via local, fixed lines were the most popular type in overall usage throughout the period shown. The lowest figures on the chart are for mobile calls, but this category also saw the most dramatic increase in user minutes.

In 1995, people in the UK used fixed lines for a total of just over 70 billion minutes for local calls, and about half of that amount of time for national or international calls. By contrast, mobile phones were only used for around 4 billion minutes. Over the following four years, the figures for all three types of phone calls increased steadily.

By 1999, the amount of time spent on local calls using landlines had reached a peak at 90 billion minutes. Subsequently, the figure for this category fell, but the rise in the other two types of phone calls continued. In 2002, the number of minutes of national/international landline calls passed 60 billion, while the figure for mobiles rose to around 45 billion minutes.

(197 words)

The charts below compare the age structure of the populations of Fran e and India in 1984.

The two charts compare the populations of France and India in terms of age distribution by gender in the year 1984.

It is clear that the population of India was younger than that of France in 1984, with a noticeably larger proportion of people aged under 20. France, on the other hand, had a significantly larger percentage of elderly inhabitants.

In India, close to 14% of people were aged 5 or under, and each five-year age bracket above this contained an increasingly smaller proportion of the population. France’s population, by contrast, was more evenly distributed across the age ranges, with similar figures (around 7% to 8% of all people) for each five-year cohort between the ages of 0 and 40. Somewhere between 10% and 15% of all French people were aged 70 or older, but the equivalent figure for India was only 2%.

Looking more closely at gender, there was a noticeably higher proportion of French women than men in every cohort from age 50 upwards. For example, almost 3% of French 70- to 75-year-olds were women, while just under 2% were men. No significant gender differences can be seen on the Indian population chart.

 (199 words)

The bar graph shows the global sales (in billions of dollars) of different types of digital games between 2000 and 2006.

The bar chart compares the turnover in dollars from sales of video games for four different platforms, namely mobile phones, online, consoles and handheld devices, from 2000 to 2006.

It is clear that sales of games for three out of the four platforms rose each year, leading to a significant rise in total global turnover over the 7-year period. Sales figures for handheld games were at least twice as high as those for any other platform almost every year.

In 2000, worldwide sales of handheld games stood at around $11 billion, while console games earned just under $6 billion. No figures are given for mobile or online games in that year. Over the next 3 years, sales of handheld video games rose by about $4 billion, but the figure for consoles decreased by $2 billion. Mobile phones and online games started to become popular, with sales reaching around $3 billion in 2003.

In 2006, sales of handheld, online and mobile games reached peaks of 17, 9, and 7 billion dollars respectively. By contrast, turnover from console games dropped to its lowest point, at around $2.5 billion.

(187 words)

The bar chart shows the number of hot dogs and buns eaten in 15 minutes by the winners of ‘Nathan’s Hot Dog Eating Contest’ in Brooklyn, USA between 1980 and 2010.

It is noticeable that the number of hot dogs and buns eaten by winners of the contest increased dramatically over the period shown. The majority of winners were American or Japanese, and only one woman had ever won the contest.

Americans dominated the contest from 1980 to 1996, and the winning number of hot dogs and buns consumed rose from only 8 to around 21 during that time. 1983 and 1984 were notable exceptions to the trend for American winners. In 1983 a Mexican won the contest after eating 19.5 hot dogs, almost double the amount that any previous winner had eaten, and 1984 saw the only female winner, Birgit Felden from Germany.

A Japanese contestant, Takeru Kobayashi, reigned as hot dog eating champion for six years from 2001 to 2006. Kobayashi’s winning totals of around 50 hot dogs were roughly double the amount that any previous winner had managed. However, the current champion, American Joey Chestnut, took hot dog eating to new heights in 2009 when he consumed an incredible 68 hot dogs and buns in the allotted 15 minutes.

(211 words)

The chart below shows the total number of Olympic medals won by twelve different countries.

The bar chart compares twelve countries in terms of the overall number of medals that they have won at the Olympic Games.

 It is clear that the USA is by far the most successful Olympic medal-winning nation. It is also noticeable that the figures for gold, silver, and bronze medals won by a particular country tend to be fairly similar.

 The USA has won a total of around 2,300 Olympic medals, including approximately 900 gold medals, 750 silver and 650 bronze. In second place on the all-time medals chart is the Soviet Union, with just over 1,000 medals. Again, the number of gold medals won by this country is slightly higher than the number of silver or bronze medals.

Only four other countries – the   K, France, Germany, and Italy – have won more than 500 Olympic medals, all with similar proportions of each medal color. Apart from the USA and the Soviet Union, China is the only other country with a noticeably higher proportion of gold medals (about 200) compared to silver and bronze (about 100 each).

(178 words)

The charts below show the main reasons for study among students of different age groups and the amount of support they received from employers.

The bar charts compare students of different ages in terms of why they are studying and whether they are supported by an employer.

It is clear that the proportion of students who study for career purposes is far higher among the younger age groups, while the oldest students are more likely to study for interest. Employer support is more commonly given to younger students.

Around 80% of students aged under 26 study to further their careers, whereas only 10% study purely out of interest. The gap between these two proportions narrows as students get older, and the figures for those in their forties are the same, at about 40%. Students aged over 49 overwhelmingly study for interest (70%) rather than for professional reasons (less than 20%).

Just over 60% of students aged under 26 are supported by their employers. By contrast, the 30-39 age group is the most self-sufficient, with only 30% being given time off and help with fees. The figures rise slightly for students in their forties and for those aged 50 or more.

(178 words, band 9)

The chart below shows the numbers of incidents and injuries per 100 million passenger miles travelled (PMT) by transportation type in 2002.

The bar chart compares the number of incidents and injuries for every 100 million passenger miles travelled on five different types of public transport in 2002.

It is clear that most incidents and injuries took place on demand-response vehicles. By contrast, commuter rail services recorded by far the lowest figures.

A total of 225 incidents and 173 injuries, per 100 million passenger miles traveled, took place on demand-response transport services. These figures were nearly three times as high as those for the second highest category, bus services. There were 76 incidents and 66 people were injured on buses.

Rail services experienced fewer problems. The number of incidents on light-rail trains equaled the figure recorded for buses, but there were significantly fewer injuries, at only 39. Heavy rail services saw lower numbers of such events than light rail services, but commuter rail passengers were even less likely to experience problems. In fact, only 20 incidents and 17 injuries occurred on commuter trains.

(165 words

The chart below shows information about changes in average house prices in five different cities between 1990 and 2002 compared with the average house prices in 1989.

The bar chart compares the cost of an average house in five major cities over a period of 13 years from 1989.

We can see that house prices fell overall between 1990 and 1995, but most of the cities saw rising prices between 1996 and 2002. London experienced by far the greatest changes in house prices over the 13-year period.

Over the 5 years after 1989, the cost of average homes in Tokyo and London dropped by around 7%, while New York house prices went down by 5%. By contrast, prices rose by approximately  2% in both Madrid and Frankfurt.

Between 1996 and 2002, London house prices jumped to around 12% above the 1989 average. Homebuyers in New York also had to pay significantly more, with prices rising to 5% above 1989 average, but homes in Tokyo remained cheaper than they were in 1989. The cost of an average home in Madrid rose by a further 2%, while prices in Frankfurt remained stable.

(164 words)

The bar chart compares consumer spending on six different items in Germany, Italy, Britain.

It is clear that British people spent significantly more money than people in the other three countries on all six goods. Of the six items, consumers spent the most money on photographic film.

People in Britain spent just over £170,000 on photographic film, which is the highest figure shown on the chart. By contrast, Germans were the lowest overall spenders, with roughly the same figures (just under £150,000) for each of the six products.

The figures for spending on toys were the same in both France and Italy, at nearly £160,000. However, while French people spent more than Italians on photographic film and CDs, Italians paid out more for personal stereos, tennis racquets and perfumes. The amount spent by French people on tennis racquets, around £145,000, is the lowest figure shown on the chart.